Review on classification, physicochemical properties and applications of microbial surfactants

Abstract

Abstract Biosurfactants are amphiphilic microbial compounds synthesized from plants and micro organisms that have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic zones, which are classified into liquid-liquid, liquid-solid and liquid-gas interfaces. Due to their versatile nature, low toxicity, and high reactivity at extreme temperatures, as well as – extremely important – their good biodegradability and environmental compatibility, biobased surfactants provide approaches for use in many environmental industries. Biosurfactants produced by microorganisms have potential applications in bioremediation as well as in the petroleum, agricultural, food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. In this review article, we include a detailed overview of the knowledge obtained over the years, such as factors influencing bio-surfactant production and developments in the incorporation of biomolecules in different industries and future research needs.