1. Aristotle. 1982. Poetics [《诗学》] (Luo, Nian S. (Tr.)). Beijing: The People’s Literature Publishing House [人民文学出版社].
2. Aristotle. 1997. Poetics [《诗学》] (Luo, Nian S. & Yang, Zhou H. (Tr.)). Beijing: The People’s Literature Publishing House [人民文学出版社].
3. Beckett, Samuel. 1954. Waiting for Godot. NewYork: Grove Press.
4. Cantor, Robert M. 2016. Zero sign duality in visual semiotics. Semiotica 210. 209–214. https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0051.
5. Chen, Jian N. 2003. Narratological analysis of drama time [戏剧时间的叙事学分析]. Journal of Shanghai Theatrical Institute [《上海戏剧学院学报》] 6. 18–23.