Affiliation:
1. Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agro Based Industry , Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli Campus , Locked Bag No. 100, 17600 Jeli , Kelantan , Malaysia
Abstract
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) fixation is very common in Malaysian acid soils due to the fixation of
soluble inorganic P by Al and Fe under acidic soil pH conditions. Farmers tend to
perform lots of liming and apply excess amount of P fertilizers in order to saturate
the Al and Fe in the soil so that the plants are able to absorb the remaining P.
Excessive liming and application of P fertilizers are not only not economical but
also not environmentally friendly. Compost with a large surface area and pool of
negative charges could be used to reduce P fixation in acidic soil. Hence, this study
was carried out to assess the effect of amending Christmas Island rock phosphate
(CIRP) with rice straw (RS) compost in improving soil P availability, nutrient
uptake, and dry matter production of maize cultivated on a Malaysian tropical acid
soil. A pot experiment was carried out in this study with the use of maize (FI hybrid
sweet corn 801) as a test crop. The chemical properties of soils applied with RS
compost were significantly improved (P ≤ 0.05) compared to
treatments without RS compost. As the soil pH increased, there was significant
reduction in exchangeable acidity, Al and Fe in soil due to exchangeable Al and Fe
were fixed with negatively charged functional groups of RS compost’s surfaces,
thus increased the P availability and exchangeable cations in the soil applied with
RS compost. There was also significantly higher N, P, and K uptake in leaf, stem, and
root of maize in the treatments applied with RS compost. Application of CIRP with RS
compost was found to increase the soil P availability, maize nutrient uptake, and dry
matter production at the end of the pot experiment. An application rate of
15–20 t ha−1 of RS compost together with
130 kg ha−1 urea,
200 kg ha−1 CIRP, and
67 kg ha−1 muriate of potash is recommended to
improve the soil NPK contents and growth of Zea mays in acidic
soil.
Subject
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
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