A modified rule of three for the one-sided binomial confidence interval

Abstract

Abstract Consider the one-sided binomial confidence interval L , 1 $\left(L,1\right)$ containing the unknown parameter p when all n trials are successful, and the significance level α to be five or one percent. We develop two functions (one for each level) that represent approximations within α / 3 $\alpha /\sqrt{3}$ of the exact lower-bound L = α 1/n . Both the exponential (referred to as a modified rule of three) and the logarithmic function are shown to outperform the standard rule of three L ≃ 1 − 3/n over each of their respective ranges, that together encompass all sample sizes n ≥ 1. Specifically for the exponential, we find that exp − 3 / n $\mathrm{exp}\left(-3/n\right)$ is a better lower bound when α = 0.05 and n < 1054 and that exp − 4.6569 / n $\mathrm{exp}\left(-4.6569/n\right)$ is a better bound when α = 0.01 and n < 209.