Gene polymorphism of leptin and risk for heart disease, obesity, and high BMI: a systematic review and pooled analysis in adult obese subjects

Author:

Khaki-Khatibi Fatemeh1,Shademan Behrouz2,Gholikhani-Darbroud Reza3,Nourazarian Alireza4,Radagdam Saeed1,Porzour Maghsoud5

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran

2. Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine , EGE University , Izmir , Turkey

3. Cellular and Molecular Research Center , Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences , Urmia , Iran

4. Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Khoy University of Medical Sciences , Khoy , Iran

5. Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences , Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University , Ahar , Iran

Abstract

Abstract Objectives Leptin polymorphism (LEP) has been associated with coronary heart disease (CAD), obesity, and high body mass index (BMI). However, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to discover the association because previous studies reached different conclusions. Methods Review Manager, version 5.3.5, and Stata, version 15.0, were used for statistical analysis. We calculated the effect size of the studies using the OR with the corresponding 95% CI, and two-sided (bilateral) p-values of 0.05 were considered significant. To determine heterogeneity among the selected studies, the Q test and I2 statistics were used. Meta-regression was used to examine the disease (heart disease, obesity, and high BMI) and heterogeneity between these subgroups. Results Eleven studies with 18,984 subjects were included in this study. The G-2548A (rs12112075), rs7799039, and A19G (rs2167270) polymorphisms of the leptin gene (but not the Lys656Asn (rs1805094) polymorphism) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Our pooled analysis revealed an association between the G-2548A (rs12112075) polymorphism and heart disease, high BMI, and obesity. This indicates that individuals carrying the AA allele are at an increased risk for heart disease, high BMI, and obesity. People with heart failure and coronary artery disease did not have the rs7799039 polymorphism or its alleles linked to them. Conclusions Combined analysis of data from current and published research suggests that the leptin gene polymorphisms G-2548A (rs12112075), rs7799039, and A19G (rs2167270) (but not the Lys656Asn (rs1805094) polymorphism) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Further research is needed to understand this association.

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Subject

Endocrinology,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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