The role of enterovirus infections in type 1 diabetes in Tunisia

Author:

Boussaid Imen,Boumiza Asma,Zemni Ramzi,Chabchoub Elyes,Gueddah Latifa,Slim Ines,Ben Hadj Slama Foued

Abstract

AbstractBackground:Enteroviral infections have long been suspected in having a role in β cell destruction and therefore leading to the onset of clinical type 1 diabetes (T1D). The frequency of enterovirus (EV)-related T1D in North Africa is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between infection with EV and T1D in Tunisia.Methods:A total of 95 T1D patients (41 children and 54 adults) and 141 healthy control subjects (57 children and 84 adults) were tested for the presence of EV-RNA by a highly sensitive nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.Results:EV-RNA was detected more frequently in plasma from diabetic patients than in plasma of controls (31.6% vs. 7.8%, p<0.0001; OR=5.45; 95% CI 2.44–12.43). RT-PCR revealed positive in 53.7% of T1D children and 14.8% of T1D adults. There was a statistically significant difference between children and adults with T1D (p<0.0001). Positivity of EV-RNA according to the time after the occurrence of the disease did not show any significant difference (p=0.34). Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies were not associated with EV-RNA (p=0.65).Conclusions:EV-RNA is associated with T1D mellitus in the Tunisian population especially in children. These results support the hypothesis that EV act as environmental risk factors for T1D.

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Subject

Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

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