Fabrication and application of nanosized stannic oxide for sorption of some hazardous metal ions from aqueous solutions

Abstract

Abstract A batch equilibrium method was utilized to evaluate the retention of Fe(III) and Pb(II) onto stannic oxide (SnO2) nanomaterial. SnO2 was prepared by a simple precipitation method and characterized by different analytical apparatuses like FT-IR, SEM, TEM, and XRD. Scherrer’s formula and Williamson-Hall (WH) analysis were utilized to detect the crystallite size and lattice strain. The XRD and TEM data revealed that SnO2 has a nanoscale and crystalline nature. The retention study for Fe(III) and Pb(II) includes the influence of shaking time, batch factor, pH, initial concentrations, capacity, and applications. The data reveal that the maximum uptake of SnO2 was achieved at pH 2.5 and 3.7 for Fe(III) and Pb(II), respectively. SnO2 has a fast kinetic (60 min) and the reaction kinetic data obey the pseudo–second-order model. The capacity has values of 50.4 and 48.8 mg/g for Fe(III) and Pb(II), respectively. The real sample applications proved that SnO2 is an excellent sorbent for the capture of Pb(II) and Fe(III) from industrial wastewater and low-grade monazite (LGM) respectively, in addition to the capture of 59Fe radionuclide from low-level radioactive waste (LLRW).