Emerging contributions of formyl peptide receptors to neurodegenerative diseases
Author:
Busch Lukas1, Vieten Stefan1, Brödel Susan1, Endres Kristina2ORCID, Bufe Bernd1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology , University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern , Zweibrücken , Germany 2. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University , D-55131 Mainz , Germany
Abstract
Abstract
Inflammation is a central element of many neurodegenerative diseases. Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) can trigger several receptor-dependent signal transduction pathways that play a key role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. They are chemotactic receptors that help to regulate pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in most mammals. FPRs are primarily expressed in the immune and nervous systems where they interact with a complex pattern of pathogen-derived and host-endogenous molecules. Mounting evidence points towards a contribution of FPRs – via neuropathological ligands such as Amyloid beta, and neuroprotective ligands such as Humanin, Lipoxin A4, and Annexin A1 – to multiple pathological aspects of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aim to summarize the interplay of FPRs with neuropathological and neuroprotective ligands. Next, we depict their capability to trigger a number of ligand-dependent cell signaling pathways and their potential to interact with additional intracellular cofactors. Moreover, we highlight first studies, demonstrating that a pharmacological inhibition of FPRs helps to ameliorate neuroinflammation, which may pave the way towards novel therapeutic strategies.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Clinical Biochemistry,Molecular Biology,Biochemistry
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