Pedestrian fatality risk as a function of tram impact speed

Abstract

Abstract The objective of the presented research-work was to develop a model to describe the risk of fatal accident involving tram and pedestrian. This study extends research concerning relationships between the “impact speed” and probability of pedestrian death in case of tram accident. Over 400 “tram-pedestrian” accidents were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used in these studies. The main objective of the research is to compare the risk of fatal accidents when pedestrians are struck by passenger cars and trams. GPS system from trams is used to analyze correlation between the tram speed and different conditions along the public transport stop areas (e.g. traffic signals, priority, and platforms localization). The results show that the fatal risk of hitting pedestrians by a tram running at a speed of 50 km/h is two and a half times greater than that by a car. Research clearly proves that comparing to car impact speed, there is much higher probability of death when pedestrian is hit by a tram running at a speed of 30 km/h – almost 40% (compared to 5% when hit by car). There are even cases of deaths with a very low speed of tram (5–10 km/h).