Phthalocyanine pigments: general principles

Author:

Christie Robert1,Abel Adrian2

Affiliation:

1. School of Textiles & Design , Heriot-Watt University , Scottish Borders Campus , Galashiels , TD1 3HF United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

2. DCC Europe , Rossendale , Lancashire , United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Abstract

Abstract This chapter describes some of the fundamental chemical and structural principles underlying the phthalocyanine system. Historically, phthalocyanines had been isolated as insoluble blue products in the early twentieth century, although the structures were not established at the time. After the serendipitous re-discovery of metal complex phthalocyanines by industry, and the elucidation of their structures, copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) pigments were introduced industrially in the 1930s to become, and remain, by far the most important blue and green organic pigments, finding almost universal use as colorants for paints, printing inks, plastics, and a wide range of other applications. The phthalocyanines have become one of the most extensively studied classes of organic compounds, because of their unique molecular structures, light absorption properties that produce strong, bright colors, and their exceptionally high stability. While their dominant use is as colorants, they are also of interest for a range of other applications, for example in electronic devices, biological applications, and as catalysts.

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Materials Science,General Chemistry

Reference18 articles.

1. Moser FH, Thomas AL. The phthalocyanines vols I and II. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press Inc; 1983.

2. Leznoff CC, Lever AB. Phthalocyanines: properties and applications. Weinheim: VCH; 1989.

3. McKeown NB. Phthalocyanine materials: synthesis, structure and function. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1998.

4. H. Zollinger, Color Chemistry: Syntheses, Properties and Applications of Organic Dyes and Pigments, 3rd ed., ch. 5, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2003.

5. Christie RM. Colour chemistry, 2nd ed. London: RSC, Ch 5: 2015.

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