The secrets of cryptochromes: photoreceptors, clock proteins, and magnetic sensors
Author:
Bartölke Rabea1, Behrmann Heide2, Görtemaker Katharina3, Yee Chad3, Xu Jingjing1, Behrmann Elmar2, Koch Karl-Wilhelm3
Affiliation:
1. Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences , University of Oldenburg , Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9–11 , 26129 Oldenburg , Germany 2. Institute of Biochemistry , University of Cologne , Zülpicher Straße 47 , 50674 Cologne , Germany 3. Department of Neuroscience , University of Oldenburg , Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9–11 , 26129 Oldenburg , Germany
Abstract
Abstract
A class of light-activated proteins in the eyes of birds, called cryptochromes, are thought to act as the primary magnetic sensors allowing night-migratory songbirds to navigate over thousands of kilometers using the earth’s magnetic field. Having evolved from DNA-repairing photolyases, cryptochromes have redirected the energy from light to fuel a variety of other functions: as photoreceptors, as regulators of the circadian clock – and, in some species, most likely as sensors of the magnetic field. While the quantum effects of magnetic fields on cryptochromes are already being studied in detail, almost nothing is known about the signaling cascade involving cryptochrome as the primary receptor protein. Two different screening methods have identified potential interaction partners that suggest an involvement of the visual phototransduction pathway, the visual cycle, potassium channels or glutamate receptors, but more pioneering research is needed to unravel the signaling cascade responsible for transducing the magnetic signal.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Neurology (clinical),Neurology
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