Losing Ground: Measuring the Welfare Effects of Retail Food Price Inflation during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mexican Household

Abstract

Abstract As worldwide food prices rise, there is a growing interest in understanding the effect of these increases on households. Building on previous work, while applying recent methodological advances, we focus our attention on México during the COVID-19 pandemic. We document these price escalations for a basket of foods representative of Mexican households’ diets. The price increases are substantial across the basket, ranging from 20 percent in meat to 40 percent in tortilla. Using these estimates, we calculate the welfare effect from the recent food price escalation to cost households $17.07 billion annually, close to 1.5 percent of Mexico’s Gross Domestic Product in 2020. We estimate households would need to increase their food expenditure budgets by 28.66 percent, the compensating variation, to achieve pre-price increase utility levels.