Interaction of RTX toxins with the host cell plasma membrane

Author:

Chacko Feby M.1,Schmitt Lutz1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf , Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf , Germany

Abstract

Abstract Repeats in ToXins (RTX) protein family is a group of exoproteins secreted by Type 1 secretion system (T1SS) of several Gram-negative bacteria. The term RTX is derived from the characteristic nonapeptide sequence (GGxGxDxUx) present at the C-terminus of the protein. This RTX domain binds to calcium ions in the extracellular medium after being secreted out of the bacterial cells, and this facilitates folding of the entire protein. The secreted protein then binds to the host cell membrane and forms pores via a complex pathway, which eventually leads to the cell lysis. In this review, we summarize two different pathways in which RTX toxins interact with host cell membrane and discuss the possible reasons for specific and unspecific activity of RTX toxins to different types of host cells.

Funder

Jürgen Manchot Stiftung

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Subject

Clinical Biochemistry,Molecular Biology,Biochemistry

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