Factors underlying cognitive decline in old age and Alzheimer’s disease: the role of the hippocampus

Author:

Jaroudi Wafa1,Garami Julia1,Garrido Sandra2,Hornberger Michael34,Keri Szabolcs567,Moustafa Ahmed A.12

Affiliation:

1. School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2751, NSW, Australia

2. MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour, and Development, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2751, NSW, Australia

3. Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK

4. Dementia and Complexity in Later Life, NHS Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation Trust, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK

5. NyíröGyula Hospital, National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Budapest, Hungary

6. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary

7. Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary

Abstract

AbstractThere are many factors that strongly influence the aetiology, development, and progression of cognitive decline in old age, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These factors include not only different personality traits and moods but also lifestyle patterns (e.g. exercise and diet) and awareness levels that lead to cognitive decline in old age. In this review, we discuss how personality traits, mood states, and lifestyle impact brain and behaviour in older adults. Specifically, our review shows that these lifestyle and personality factors affect several brain regions, including the hippocampus, a region key for memory that is affected by cognitive decline in old age as well as AD. Accordingly, appropriate recommendations are presented in this review to assist individuals in decreasing chances of MCI, dementia, AD, and associated symptoms.

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Subject

General Neuroscience

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