From verbalizer to middle marker: the diachrony of middle voice in Malayic

Abstract

AbstractIn Malayic languages, prefixes derived from Proto-Malayic*(mb)AR-are characterized by an unusual multifunctionality pattern. On the one hand, continuators of*(mb)AR-may encode functions that are typical of middle markers across languages. On the other hand, they are used as denominal verb formatives. The aim of this article is to provide a diachronic explanation for such an unusual combination of functions. The denominal verbalizing function of*(mb)AR-appears to be primary, and a diachronic scenario can be sketched through which a denominal verb formative has extended to cover a portion of the functional space cross-linguistically encoded by middle markers.