Towards technically controlled bioreactor maturation of tissue-engineered heart valves
Author:
Voß Kirsten1, Werner Maximilian P.2, Gesenhues Jonas1, Kučikas Vytautas3, van Zandvoort Marc34, Jockenhoevel Stefan2, Schmitz-Rode Thomas2, Abel Dirk1
Affiliation:
1. Institute of Automatic Control, RWTH Aachen , Aachen , Germany 2. Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany 3. Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen , Germany 4. Department of Molecular Cell Biology , Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University , Maastricht , Netherlands
Abstract
Abstract
Bioreactors are important tools for the pre-conditioning of tissue-engineered heart valves. The current state of the art mostly provides for timed, physical and biochemical stimulation in the bioreactor systems according to standard protocols (SOP). However, this does not meet to the individual biological variability of living tissue-engineered constructs. To achieve this, it is necessary to implement (i) sensory systems that detect the actual status of the implant and (ii) controllable bioreactor systems that allow patient-individualized pre-conditioning. During the maturation process, a pulsatile transvalvular flow of culture medium is generated within the bioreactor. For the improvement of this conditioning procedure, the relationship between the mechanical and biochemical stimuli and the corresponding tissue response has to be analyzed by performing reproducible and comparable experiments. In this work, a technological framework for maturation experiments of tissue-engineered heart valves in a pulsating bioreactor is introduced. The aim is the development of a bioreactor system that allows for continuous control and documentation of the conditioning process to increase reproducibility and comparability of experiments. This includes hardware components, a communication structure and software including online user communication and supervision. Preliminary experiments were performed with a tissue-engineered heart valve to evaluate the function of the new system. The results of the experiment proof the adequacy of the setup. Consequently, the concept is an important step for further research towards controlled maturation of tissue-engineered heart valves. The integration of molecular and histological sensor systems will be the next important step towards a fully automated, self-controlled preconditioning system.
Funder
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Biomedical Engineering
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