Comprehensive knowledge and supports from closest relatives are crucial to improve awareness and participation of Indonesian adolescent girls in anemia prevention program

Abstract

Abstract Objectives This qualitative study explored perceptions of anemia prevention among adolescent girls from low- to mid-socioeconomic backgrounds to identify educational needs for effective intervention. Methods This qualitative study employed focus group discussions (FGDs) for data collection. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling based on specific criteria, with each FGD comprising 7–9 participants. A total of 3 FGDs were conducted, involving 23 high school female students. The discussions, guided by an interview guide, took place in classrooms at two different schools. Verbatim transcripts were created from the FGD recordings and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Results The study revealed several information gaps, including an incomplete understanding of anemia, prevention strategies, and its consequences. Comprehensive knowledge about the causes and effects of anemia, along with the importance of iron supplementation, was identified as essential educational needs for adolescent girls. Support from family members and teachers was deemed crucial during the implementation of anemia prevention strategies. The participants recognized anemia as a serious health issue and emphasized the importance of prevention. Conclusions Key aspects of anemia prevention need to be integrated into nutrition education programs for adolescents. Addressing these information gaps can enhance the promotion of anemia prevention strategies and improve adherence among adolescents.