Heat shock and titanium dioxide nanoparticles decrease superoxide dismutase and glutathione enzymes activities in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract

AbstractThe exposure of living organisms to metals can generate reactive oxygen species and failure in their antioxidant defences, triggering oxidative stress and oxidative damage. Despite the intensive use of engineered nanoparticles in numerous consumer and industrial products, data on their potential hazards in eukaryotic cells and their dependence on environmental factors such as temperature are still scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant response of