Clinical, biochemical, and radiological follow-up results of children and adolescents with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a single-center experience
Author:
Erbaş İrem Ceren1ORCID, Erbaş İbrahim Mert2ORCID, Evliyaoğlu Olcay3ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Pediatrics , Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University – Cerrahpaşa , İstanbul , Turkey 2. Division of Pediatric Endocrinology , Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University , İzmir , Turkey 3. Division of Pediatric Endocrinology , Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University – Cerrahpaşa , İstanbul , Turkey
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the most common cause of goiter and acquired hypothyroidism in children and adolescents, especially in areas without endemic iodine deficiency. We aimed to evaluate the follow-up results of children and adolescents diagnosed with HT, including clinical, biochemical, and radiological findings and treatment approaches.
Methods
HT patients, who were diagnosed between 2012 and 2018 years in a single-center, were assessed retrospectively.
Results
Two hundred and twenty-four cases were included in the study, 75.9% of whom were girls (female/male ratio: 3.1) and 66.5% were pubertal. The median age of the cases at first admission was 12.5 (9.2–15) years. The median follow-up period of 196 patients, who continued their follow-up regularly, was 2.1 (0.7–4.8) years. When autoantibody levels were analyzed according to gender, mean anti-Tg levels were higher in girls (p=0.028), whereas anti-TPO levels were similar (p=0.372). A nodule was detected in the ultrasonographic follow-up of 29 (13%) patients. Papillary thyroid carcinoma was observed in 10.3% (n=3) of those with nodules. When the last ultrasonography findings of 188 patients with available radiological follow-up data were compared with their initial evaluation, the rate of heterogeneous parenchymal echogenicity increased significantly (p=0.008). The need for l-thyroxine dosage augmented over time.
Conclusions
Although HT is more common in adolescent girls, it can be encountered in both genders and at all ages in childhood. The incidence of malignancy was not higher in patients with nodules associated with HT than the reported incidences of malignancy in nodules not associated with HT.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
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