Auto-destruction of the thyroid gland and coexisting glutamic acid decarboxylase mediated neurological disease in an adolescent: an unusual presentation of autoimmunity
Author:
Affiliation:
1. Pediatric Endocrinology , NYU Langone Medical Center , New York , USA
2. Pediatric Endocrinology , NYU Langone Health , New York , USA
3. Columbia University Medical Center , New York , USA
Abstract
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Link
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jpem-2020-0697/pdf
Reference10 articles.
1. Carlé, A, Pedersen, IB, Knudsen, N, Perrild, H, Ovesen, L, Jørgensen, T, et al.. Thyroid volume in hypothyroidism due to autoimmune disease follows a unimodal distribution: evidence against primary thyroid atrophy and autoimmune thyroiditis being distinct diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009;94:833–9. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-1370.
2. BakerJr.JR. Dying (apoptosing?) for a consensus on the Fas death pathway in the thyroid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:2593–5. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.84.8.5993.
3. Graus, F, Saiz, A, Dalmau, J. GAD antibodies in neurological disorders – insights and challenges. Nat Rev Neurol 2020;16:353–65. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-020-0359-x.
4. Nakajima, H, Nakamura, Y, Inaba, Y, Tsutsumi, C, Unoda, K, Hosokawa, T, et al.. Neurologic disorders associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: a comparison of anti-GAD antibody titres and time-dependent changes between neurologic disease and type I diabetes mellitus. J Neuroimmunol 2018;317:84–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.01.007.
5. Zimmermann, MB, Hess, SY, Molinari, L, De Benoist, B, Delange, F, Braverman, LE, et al.. New reference values for thyroid volume by ultrasound in iodine-sufficient schoolchildren: a World Health Organization/Nutrition for Health and Development Iodine Deficiency Study Group Report. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79:231–7. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/79.2.231.
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