Calcitonin and complementary biomarkers in the diagnosis of hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents
Author:
Eckelt Felix1, Pfaeffle Roland2, Kiess Wieland2, Kratzsch Juergen1
Affiliation:
1. Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany 2. Department Woman and Child Health , Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare malignancy that is effectively curable by surgery. Unlike in adults, hereditary MTC has a predominant role in children. A fast and safe diagnosis is important to assure the good prognosis for the patients. A major cornerstone is the assessment of biomarkers, but the interpretation must respect their pre-, post- and analytical features. Especially calcitonin (Ctn) is a challenging biomarker in daily laboratory diagnostics. However, Ctn is of particular relevance for the diagnostic in MTC. The American Thyroid Association recommends thyroidectomy if the upper reference range of Ctn is exceeded. Interestingly, age-dependent reference ranges for children and adolescents have become available only recently for Ctn assays. With this review, we aim to highlight the importance of a timely diagnosis of MTC in children and adolescents.
Content
Recent developments in pediatric biochemical diagnostics of MTC were summarized. This includes guidance on interpretation of RET, Ctn, procalcitonin, carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, and chromogranin A.
Summary
Currently, Ctn is the most investigated biomarker in the diagnosis of MTC in children and adolescents. Other biomarkers as PCT suggest complementary evidence about pediatric MTC but their interpretation based largely on adult’s data. A successful treatment of MTC requires, besides results of biomarkers, information about medical history, RET gene analysis and recent guideline knowledge.
Outlook
More research is required to validate complementary biomarkers of Ctn in children. Additionally, the effect of different confounder on pediatric Ctn levels has to be further clarified.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Reference144 articles.
1. Copp, DH, Cameron, EC, Cheney, BA, Davidson, AG, Henze, KG. Evidence for calcitonin—a new hormone from the parathyroid that lowers blood calcium. Endocrinology 1962;70:638–49. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-70-5-638. 2. Felsenfeld, AJ, Levine, BS. Calcitonin, the forgotten hormone: does it deserve to be forgotten? Clin Kidney J 2015;8:180–7. https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfv011. 3. d’Herbomez, M, Caron, P, Bauters, C, Do Cao, C, Schlienger, J-L, Sapin, R, et al.. Reference range of serum calcitonin levels in humans: influence of calcitonin assays, sex, age, and cigarette smoking. Eur J Endocrinol 2007;157:749–55. https://doi.org/10.1530/eje-07-0566. 4. Friedman, PA, Gesek, FA. Cellular calcium transport in renal epithelia: measurement, mechanisms, and regulation. Physiol Rev 1995;75:429–71. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1995.75.3.429. 5. Chambers, TJ, McSheehy, PM, Thomson, BM, Fuller, K. The effect of calcium-regulating hormones and prostaglandins on bone resorption by osteoclasts disaggregated from neonatal rabbit bones. Endocrinology 1985;116:234–9. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-116-1-234.
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|