A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
Author:
Zeng Hongxin1ORCID, Gong Sen12, Wang Lan1, Zhou Tianchi1, Zhang Yaxin12ORCID, Lan Feng12, Cong Xuan1, Wang Luyang1, Song Tianyang1, Zhao YunCheng3ORCID, Yang Ziqiang12, Mittleman Daniel M.4
Affiliation:
1. Sichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center , School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu , China 2. Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu , China 3. Shijiazhuang Communication Measurement and Control Technology Research Institute , Shijiazhuang , China 4. School of Engineering, Brown University , Providence , RI , USA
Abstract
Abstract
In the past ten years, terahertz technology has developed rapidly in wireless communications, spectroscopy, and imaging. Various functional devices have been developed, such as filters, absorbers, polarizers, mixers, and modulators. Among these, the terahertz phase modulation is a current research hotspot. It is the core technology to realize flexible control of the terahertz wavefront, beam scanning, focusing deflection. It is indispensable in terahertz wireless communication, high-resolution imaging, and radar systems. This review summarizes the research progress of terahertz phase modulators from the two major types: free space and guided wave integration. Among these, the free space terahertz phase modulator is realized by combining the tunable materials and artificial metasurfaces. Based on different types of tunable materials, the terahertz free space phase modulator combining the semiconductor, liquid crystal, phase change materials, graphene, and other two-dimensional materials are introduced, and the influence of different materials on the phase modulation performance is discussed and analyzed. The monolithic integration and waveguide embedding methods are introduced separately, and the characteristics of different forms of terahertz-guided wave phase modulation are also discussed. Finally, the development trends of terahertz phase modulators, possible new methods, and future application requirements are discussed.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials,Biotechnology
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