Dynamic aerosol and dynamic air-water interface curvature effects on a 2-Gbit/s free-space optical link using orbital-angular-momentum multiplexing-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Dynamic aerosol and dynamic air-water interface curvature effects on a 2-Gbit/s free-space optical link using orbital-angular-momentum multiplexing

Published:2021-11-04 Issue:0 Volume:0 Page:
ISSN:2192-8614
Container-title:Nanophotonics
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Song Haoqian¹^ORCID,Zhang Runzhou¹,Hu Nanzhe¹,Zhou Huibin¹,Su Xinzhou¹,Song Hao¹,Zou Kaiheng¹,Pang Kai¹,Liu Cong¹^ORCID,Park Daeyoung²,Lynn Brittany³,Gbur Greg⁴^ORCID,Dogariu Aristide⁵,Watkins Richard J.⁶,Miller Jerome K.⁶,Johnson Eric⁶,Tur Moshe⁷,Willner Alan E.¹

Affiliation:

1. University of Southern California , Los Angeles 90089, CA , USA

2. INHA University , Incheon 22212, South Korea

3. Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific , San Diego , CA 92152, USA

4. University of North Carolina at Charlotte , Charlotte , NC 28223, USA

5. University of Central Florida , Orlando , FL 32816, USA

6. Clemson University , Clemson , SC 29634, USA

7. Tel Aviv University , Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel

Abstract

Abstract When an orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) beam propagates through the dynamic air–water interface, the aerosol above the water and the water surface curvature could induce various degradations (e.g., wavefront distortion, beam wandering, scattering, and absorption). Such time-varying degradations could affect the received intensity and phase profiles of the OAM beams, resulting in dynamic modal power loss and modal power coupling. We experimentally investigate the degradation for a single OAM beam under dynamic aerosol, dynamic curvature, and their comprehensive effects. Our results show the following: (i) with the increase of the aerosol strength (characterized by the attenuation coefficient) from ∼0 to ∼0.7–1.3 dB/cm over ∼7 cm, the power coupling ratio from OAM −1 to +2 increases by 4 dB, which might be due to the amplitude and phase distortion caused by spatially dependent scattering and absorption. (ii) With the increase of the curvature strength (characterized by the variance of curvature slope over time) from ∼0 to ∼2 × 10−5 rad2, the power coupling ratio from OAM −1 to +2 increases by 11 dB. This could be caused by both the wavefront distortion and the beam wandering. (iii) Under the comprehensive effect of aerosol (∼0.1–0.6 dB/cm) and curvature (∼6 × 10−7 rad2), there is an up to 2 dB higher modal power loss as compared with the single-effect cases. (iv) The received power on OAM −1 fluctuates in a range of ∼6 dB within a 220 ms measurement time under aerosol (∼0.1–0.6 dB/cm) and curvature (∼6 × 10−7 rad2) effects due to the dynamic degradations. We also demonstrate an OAM −1 and +2 multiplexed 2-Gbit/s on–off-keying link under dynamic aerosol and curvature effects. The results show a power penalty of ∼3 dB for the bit-error-rate at the 7% forward-error-correction limit under the comprehensive effect of aerosol (∼0.1–0.6 dB/cm) and curvature (∼6 × 10−7 rad2), compared with the no-effect case.

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Subject

Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials,Biotechnology

Link

https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0516/pdf

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