Association of British Clinical Diabetologists (ABCD) and Renal Association clinical guidelines: Hypertension management and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade in patients with diabetes, nephropathy and/or chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Diabetes is the commonest cause of end-stage renal disease; over a quarter of patients who are on dialysis in the UK have diabetes. Diabetic kidney disease is associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular complications and progression of diabetic kidney disease.The Association of British Clinical Diabetologists and the Renal Association have jointly developed guidelines for management of hypertension through different stages of diabetic kidney disease. Here we present a summary of clinical practice recommendations, audit standards, and areas that require further research.