Affiliation:
1. Lviv Medical Institute
2. Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Slupsk
3. Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University
Abstract
Introduction. Nowadays, in front of large cities, there is an acute problem for finding ways of environmentally safely dispose of accumulated sewage sludge and the possibility of its use. The most profitable way to utilize sewage sludge is to use them as organic fertilizers in agricultural production due to the high content of biogenic elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) and organic substances in their composition. However, the presence of heavy metals, pathogens, and other toxicants necessitates the study at the regional level the possibility of using these sediments as fertilizers. In each specific case, it is necessary to apply a scientific approach to the use of sewage sludge, since their composition is characterized by a qualitative and quantitative variation of chemical compounds. The purpose of the study was a hygienic justification for the possibility of using sludge for wastewater treatment from the municipal facilities in agricultural production as an organic fertilizer. Material and methods. The object of the study was sludge after treatment with flocculants and centrifugation and sludge stored on the sites of Lviv municipal facilities for 1, 6 and 18 months. In the experiment, the distribution of sludge components in the “plant-soil” dynamic system, as well as the degree of their accumulation in test plants, was determined. Quantitative determination of the of chemical elements content in samples of sludge and phytomass was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results. The effectiveness of the use of sludge from the municipal facilities for wastewater treatment in agricultural production as an organic fertilizer has been studied. It was found that the sludge dose of 50 tons/ha, using immediately after centrifuge, can not be used in the fields as a fertilizer. This dose caused a high phytotoxic effect on plants. The dose of used sludge (30 tons/ha after 1.5 years of maturing on silty areas) had a less pronounced phytotoxic effect, but the fact of fluorine, lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and manganese translocation from soil into the plants in high quantities was observed. This dose also cannot be used in the fields as a fertilizer. The use of a smaller dose should be justified by additional experiments.
Publisher
Federal Scientific Center for Hygiene F.F.Erisman
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Pollution,General Medicine
Reference32 articles.
1. Kulikova A.Kh., Zakharov N.G., Pochinova T.V. Application of sewage sludge as fertilizer for agriculture in Ul’yanovsk region. Agrokhimicheskiy vestnik. 2010; 5: 32–5. (in Russian)
2. Klimenko M.A., Chernaya N.A. Perspective of Sewage Sludge Treatment by Natural Cold for Utilization in Cement Production. Energotekhnologii i resursosberezheniye. 2013; 1: 35–41. (in Russian)
3. Markin V.V. Utilization of domestic sewage sludge. Vestnik Donbasskoy natsional’noy akademii stroitel’stva i arkhitektury. 2013; 3 (101): 138–40. (in Russian)
4. Treatment of sewage sludge: useful experience and practical advice. (Project on Urban Reduction of Eutrophication, PURE) through the Union of Baltic Cities Environment Commission. Vanha Suurtori 7, 20500 Turku (Finland); 2012. 125 p. (in Russian)
5. Fijalkowski K., Rorat A., Grobelak A., Kacprzak M.J. The presence of contamination in sewage sludge – the current situation. J Environ Manage. 2017; 203 (3): 1126–36. DOI: https://10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.068