Study of sexual dimorphism in the maturation of human dental enamel prisms by microscopic methods

Abstract

Relevance. Recent-years research specifies the influence of body internal environmental factors on the development and maturity of hard dental tissues. The negative impact of which causes severe amelogenesis disorder, with the formation of immature enamel, the hypoplastic phenotype of different intensity. The timing of tooth eruption in humans has become unpredictable as the child development accelerates and new orofacial dysplastic phenomena appear or are inherited. Tooth eruption with localized or generalized hypomineralization is little studied. The study aims to compare the rate of dental enamel mineral component maturation in males and females of different ages by electron and atomic force microscopy.Materials and methods. The study involved 90 female and male subjects, aged 15-20, 21-30, 31-40 years. Impacted teeth 38 were extracted on medical grounds in all patients. The study analyzed the shape, packing and the 3D surface of enamel prisms using a Jeol JCM – 5700 scanning electron microscope and an NTEGRA Prima atomic force microscope according to Omsk State Medical University methods. The variation statistics methods processed the received data using standard packages Microsoft Excel 2008, Statistica 12.0.Results. The enamel prisms in females aged 15-20, 21-30 years are not closely spaced, compared to similar ages in the male group, as indicated by the distance between enamel prisms (15-20 years U = 9.3496, p = 0.0035 between males and females; 21-30 years U = 10.6949, p = 0.0018 between males and females). In women aged 15-20 and 21-30 years, the enamel prisms are chaotically organized: a 6-sided or 7-sided prism of larger size often squeezes a less mature 5-sided prism, providing the characteristic appearance of an immature prism with ugly outlines in various geometric shapes. In 31-40-year-old women, the enamel prisms are more densely spaced.Conclusion. There are local and total hypomineralised areas of the enamel prisms in females under 30 years old and in males under 20 years old.