Evaluation of the antiherpetic activity of toothpaste with herbal ingredients and rinses in the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis

Abstract

Relevance. There is very little literature data on the role of viral infection in the genesis of periodontal diseases, mainly the work of foreign authors. It is believed that the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, including the gums, is the habitat of some viruses of the herpes group (Epstein-Barr, cytomegalovirus, etc.). They can be in a latent state in the salivary glands, epithelial cells of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, oral cavity and under adverse conditions, are activated, causing an exacerbation of the process. Currently, methods for detecting viruses using laboratory tests (PCR diagnostics) have been somewhat simplified, which made it possible to evaluate the therapeutic effect of domestic oral care products against viruses. The use of plaque control agents such as prophylactic toothpastes and mouth rinses on a regular basis helps to reduce the risk of developing inflammatory periodontal diseases.Purpose. To study the effect of domestic oral care products on the level of oral cavity contamination with herpes group viruses in patients suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis.Materials and methods. Under clinical supervision were 52 patients (28 men, 24 women) of middle age 31-54 years with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity, divided into groups: group 1 – 26 patients who used «Asepta Sensitive» preventive toothpaste on basis of plant components. They were divided into 2 subgroups of 13 patients: subgroup «a»- only paste, subgroup «b» - paste with the additional use of rinse aid «Asepta ® Active» in the first 8 days with a further transition to rinse «Asepta ® Fresh» from 9 days of the study. Group 2 consisted of 26 patients who used «Asepta ® Active» toothpaste with a similar division into subgroups: subgroup «a» without rinsing agents and subgroup «b» with rinsing agents. The control group of patients without inflammatory diseases of the periodontium and oral mucosa included 15 people who were not treated.Results. It was revealed that the DNA of the herpes simplex virus ½ types (HSV ½) at the beginning of the study was detected in 28.8% of patients with periodontitis, Epstein-Barr virus 42.3% of patients, and cytomegalovirus in 36.5%. When using oral care products containing antiseptics, adult patients suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis, we have achieved good results in the treatment of this disease. The effectiveness of the action of toothpaste and rinses in adults with chronic generalized periodontitis is high – a decrease in performance by an average of 1.2-2 times lower than without rinse aid. This allows, subject to the rules of individual oral hygiene, to quickly stop the main clinical symptoms of chronic generalized periodontitis and reduce the level of oral contamination by herpes viruses.Conclusion. In the treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis, no significant clinical differences were found when using various schemes for the use of oral care products. At the same time, the use of the «Asepta ® Active» rinse agent with chlorhexidine helps to reduce the frequency of detection of herpes group viruses in the oral cavity by 1.5-2.5 times and reduces the signs of periodontal inflammation in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis.