Comparative analysis of chlorhexidine-containing antiseptic agents used in periodontics and implantology

Abstract

Relevance. Despite the variety of antibacterial drugs, including multicomponent ones, chlorhexidine-containing antiseptics are nowadays the gold standard of antiseptic products relevant for periodontal therapy. At the same time, adverse side effects and new data about unfavourable chlorhexidine effects on the microbiome determine it necessary to search for a new optimal chlorhexidine-containing product that combines high effectiveness and relative safety. Purpose. The study aimed to compare and analyze the effectiveness of chlorhexidine-containing antiseptics used in dental practice.Material and Methods. The study analyzed the results of clinical studies published from 2018 to 2023 and devoted to the investigation of chlorhexidine effectiveness in the treatment of periodontal diseases. The publications were searched in the Pub Med database by the keywords 'chlorhexidine', 'periodontal disease', and 'periodontitis'. A total of eighty-four publications corresponded to the search criteria. After the primary analysis of all available publications corresponding to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we studied and analyzed 32 publications.Results. The analysis of the publications for the past five years extracted a trend for a more frequent increase of chlorhexidine concentrations to 0.12% and 0.2% in periodontal therapy medications.Conclusion. Prescribing chlorhexidine-containing medications should be reasonable and respond to the characteristics of the clinical picture. At that, a thorough selection of chlorhexidine active agent concentration, a form of presentation and duration of use should correspond to the clinical situation and goal.