1. A series of discussions, beginning with Sartre's posing of the epistemological problem, was initiated by Raphael Demos, “Lying to Oneself,” Journal of Philosophy 57 (1960): 588–595.
2. Jean-Paul Sartre,Being and Nothingness, trans. Hazel E. Barnes (New York: Philosophical Library, 1956), p.48. (Abbreviated BN in the text.) Except where noted, discussion is based on Sartre's account of bad faith or self-deception in this work; a few points are taken from other sections of this work and a few are based on other early works by Sartre.
3. Jean-Paul Sartre,The Transcendence of the Ego, trans. Forrest Williams and Robert Kirkpatrick (New York: Noonday Press, 1957), pp.31 and 43–54. (Abbreviated TE in the text).
4. M.R. Haight,A Study of Self-Deception(Sussex: Harvester Press; Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press, 1980), pp. 53–54.
5. Leslie Stevenson,Seven Theories of Human Nature(New York: Oxford University Press, 1987), 2d ed., p.95. Also see Allen W. Wood, “Self-Deception and Bad Faith,” inPerspectives on Self-Deception, ed. Brian P. McLaughlin and Amélie Oksenberg Rorty (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988), p.211.