1. Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
2. England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Leeds, UK
3. Leeds Rhinos Rugby League Club, Leeds, UK
4. School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
5. Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Cape Town and the Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa