1. We would like to thank Robert Audi, Bruce Aune, Larry Davis, John Heil, Hugh McCann, Douglas Odegard, two anonymous referees, and an anonymous editor of this journal for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. We also thank symposiasts of the fourteenth International Wittgenstein Symposium, where an earlier version of this paper was presented.
2. Trying (As the Mental "Pineal Gland")
3. 1981.The Principles of PsychologyVol. 2, 1101–3. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. See the description of Landry's patient quoted in James's, Vol. Also compare J. Searle,Intentionality(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1983), 89 andMinds, Brains, and Science(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1984), 64. Searle takes examples such as this to supply evidence that there are two components to action, the mental component (or intention) and the bodily component (bodily movement), and that they can be pried apart.
4. Benny's intention today to raise his arm at noon tomorrow can only deviantly cause his trying to raise it now.