1. P.A.C., Immigration Branch, J. Lantz to Department of Marine and Fisheries, 12 May 1914, RG 76/566/810666.
2. H. M. Troper,Only Farmers Need Apply(Toronto: 1972). pp. 126–127.
3. J. S. Woodsworth,Strangers Within Our Gales(Toronto: 1909), p. 277.
4. R. W. Winks,The Blacks in Canada(Montreal: 1971), p. 298; Woodsworth, p. 191.
5. Troper, p. 127.