1. School of Nursing, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA;
2. College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA;
3. School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;
4. International Severity Information Systems and the Institute for Clinical Outcomes Research, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;
5. School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA;
6. Memorial Hermann Northeast Medical Center, Humble, TX, USA;
7. School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA