1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Dalian JiaoTong University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China;
2. Key Laboratory of Key Material of Rail Transit in Liaoning Province, Dalian JiaoTong University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China;
3. Wheel & Tyre Institute of Technology Center, Maanshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Maanshan, P. R. China