1. a Department of Geography , Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong Kowloon Tong , Kowloon, Hong Kong
2. b State Key Laboratory of Environment and Resources Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Resources Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, P.R. China
3. c Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 40‐3 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China