1. LOVERIDGE, A. 1953. Zoological results of a fifth expedition to East Africa. IV. Amphibians from Nyasaland and Tete. Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. 110: 323–406.
2. STEWART, M. M. 1967. Amphibia of Malawi. State University of New York Press, Albany, New York.
3. VAN DIJK, D. E. 1966. Systematic and Field keys to the families, genera and described species of South African anuran tadpoles. Ann. Natal Mus. 18: 231–286.
4. WAGNER, V. A. 1965. The Frogs of South Africa. Purnell and Sons, Ltd., Cape Town and Johannesburg.