Shadowing in Bisensory Memory

Abstract

Shadowing (vocalization-at-presentation) was applied to a bisensory situation where different messages were simultaneously presented to the visual and auditory modalities. Three groups of subjects were employed: Group I shadowed the visual modality; Group II shadowed the auditory modality; Group III was a control, shadowing neither modality. Shadowing in the present experiment facilitated recall of the shadowed modality, particularly the visual modality, which is usually inferior to auditory recall. It also became apparent that visual recall in an ordinary bisensory situation was minimal if not near an incidental level and that a true bisensory situation with equal division of attention between the two modalities employed does not exist.