1. School of Artificial Intelligence, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
2. Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
3. International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
4. Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
5. School of Mathematics, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
6. Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
7. Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA