1. NSF Spatiotemporal Innovation Center, George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA, USA
2. Department of Geography and GeoInformation Science, George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA, USA
3. Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
4. Center for Geographic Analysis, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
5. Geoinformation and Big Data Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
6. Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
7. School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
8. Cloud, Compute, and Storage Operations, Information Technology Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
9. Department of Geography, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
10. School of Business Management, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
11. Duke Kushan University, Social Science Division, Kunshan, China.
12. School of Mathematical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
13. Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
14. Department of Computer Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
15. Department of Information Technology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
16. Department of Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
17. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
18. China Data Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
19. Institute of Remote Sensing and GIS, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
20. Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
21. School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
22. School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
23. School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
24. Faculty of Environment, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada