1. School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
2. Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
3. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
4. Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
5. Key Laboratory of Information Perception and Systems for Public Security of MIIT, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
6. Department of Geography and Program in Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
7. School of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
8. College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, People’s Republic of China
9. School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China