1. Department of Recreation, Park and Tourism Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
2. School of Community Resources and Development, Arizona State University, U.S.A&Hainan University-ArizonaState University International Joint Tourism College, Hainan University, China
3. Department of Tourism, Recreation, and Leisure Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan;
4. International Bachelor Program of Agribusiness, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan