1. Abou‐el‐Haj, Rifa'at. ‘Efficient Considerations for Theorising Beyond the Nation‐State: The Case of Early Modern and Modern Ottoman Society’. paper read at the International Symposium on ‘The State, Decentralisation and Tax‐Farming, 1500–1850: The Ottoman Empire, Iran and India’. May2–51990, Munich.
2. Akarli, Engin and Fleischer, Cornell. ‘Taking Stock of Ottoman History’. unpublished discussion paper read at the Rockefeller Foundation Seminar on Ottoman History. April12–151990, St. Louis, USA.
3. Alam, Muzaffar. Zemindari, Revenue‐Farming, and Nizamat in Eastern India: A Study of their Interaction with Mughal Central Power in the Early 18th Century’. paper read at the International Symposium on ‘The State, Decentralisation and Tax‐Farming, 1500–1850: The Ottoman Empire, Iran and India’. May2–51990, Munich.