1. Carreck Consultancy Ltd., Woodside Cottage, Dragons Lane, Shipley, West Sussex, RH13 8GD, UK; University of Sussex, Falmer, East Sussex,BN1 9QG, UK
2. Swiss Bee Research Center, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
3. Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
4. USDA ARS, Bee Research Laboratory, BARC East, Bldg 306, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
5. Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern; Swiss Bee Research Center, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
6. Environmental Science Research Center and Bee Protection Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Thailand