1. School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China
2. Research Center for Urban Big Data Applications, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China
3. Key Laboratory of Surveying and Mapping Science and Geospatial Information Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing, China
4. School of Architecture, Building and Civil Engineering, Loughborough University, Ningbo, UK