1. Department of Economics, College of Economics & Business Administration, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong, South Korea
2. Tourism Research Institute, Kyonggi University, Seoul, South Korea
3. Division of Hotel & Tourism, College of Economics & Business Administration, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong, South Korea
4. Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Macau University of Science and Technology (MUST), Taipa, Macau
5. Griffith Institute for Tourism (GIFT), Griffith Business School, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia