1. Apentiik Rowland. 1997. “Bulsa Technologies and Systems of Thought.” Unpublished MA Thesis. Department of Archaeology University of Calgary.
2. Apentiik Rowland. 2002. Ethnoecology of Environmental Degradation: Continuity and Change in Land Use.” PhD Dissertation. Resources and Environment Program University of Calgary.
3. Barkindo, Bawuro Mubi. 1989. The Sultanate of Mandara to 1902. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
4. Barndon, Randi. 1996. “Fipa Ironworking and Its Technological Style.” In The Culture of Technology of African Iron Production, edited by Peter Schmidt, 58–73. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
5. Styles of style