1. Barker, Lucius and Mack Jones.African Americans and the American Political System.(Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1994).
2. Busbee v. Smith, 549 F. Supp. 494 (D.D.C. 1982).
3. Bush v. Vera, No. 94–988, U.S.
4. Voting Rights and Democratic Theory: Toward a Color-Blind Society?
5. Clayton, Dewey. “The Politics of Congressional Redistricting: A North Carolina Case Study.” diss. University of Missouri, 1995.