1. the State Archive at The Hague in the collections of the former Admiralties and of the East India Company;
2. the city archives of Amsterdam and Rotterdam in the notarial records, officers books and in the files of the Chamber of Commerce and Manufacturing;
3. the International Institute for Social History (Amsterdam) in the publications of the United Seamen's Union.More general information on Dutch seamen and references to literature are available in a modern four-volume handbook,Maritime Geschiedenis der Nederlanden(1976–78).I would like to thank P. C. Gijsbers and Dr R. W. Unger for their help and advice.