1. Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Cape Town and the Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
2. Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre (HPALS), Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
3. Western Province Rugby Academy, Cape Town, South Africa
4. Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
5. Yorkshire Carnegie Rugby Union Football Club, Leeds, UK
6. Leeds Rhinos Rugby League Club, Leeds, UK
7. England Performance Unit, The Rugby Football League, Leeds, UK