1. Hughes, Thomas P. 1989.American Genesis. A century of invention and technological enthusiasm 1870-1970, 22New York: Viking.
2. Hughesian history of technology and Chandlerian business history: Parallels, departures, and critics
3. Reich, L.S. 1985.The Making of American Industrial Research. Science ami Business at GE and Bell. 1876-1926, 3Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. To challenge the myth of the unambiguous successes of industrial research laboratories. I want to emphasize that there were other ways for companies to acquire knowledge than just by establishing an in-house research laboratory.